De Alabamavorderingen Arbitrage - Hoe een oorlogsschip vaart bracht in de ontwikkeling van internationale arbitrage in de Moderne Tijd

Corneel Debusscher
Persbericht

De Alabamavorderingen Arbitrage - Hoe een oorlogsschip vaart bracht in de ontwikkeling van internationale arbitrage in de Moderne Tijd

De Alabamavorderingen Arbitrage  - Hoe een oorlogsschip vaart bracht in de ontwikkeling van internationale arbitrage in de Moderne Tijd

 

In het jaar 1862, midden in de Amerikaanse Burgeroorlog, voer de CSS Alabama, een oorlogsschip van de Zuidelijke Staten gebouwd in Groot-Brittannië, langs de Amerikaanse zeekust, met een enkel doel: schepen van en naar de Noordelijke Staten vernietigen. Nadat Noord en Zuid waren herenigd, eisten de slachtoffers van de CSS Alabama en andere oorlogsschepen van de Zuidelijke Staten dat hun schade zou worden vergoed. Wat volgde was de Alabamavorderingen arbitrage, een internationale arbitragezaak tussen de Verenigde Staten van Amerika en Groot-Brittannië.

Het onderzoek

Waarom moest Groot-Brittannië instaan voor deze schade? Waarom werden zij verantwoordelijk geacht? Dit zijn vragen die u wellicht heeft, en terecht. Het antwoord is dan ook voer voor veel discussie geweest. In mijn paper worden de standpunten van beide partijen belicht.

Waarom is deze arbitragezaak van belang? Is zij nog relevant? Heeft zij invloed gehad? Deze vragen zijn zowaar nog terechter in het kader van dit onderzoek. Het is immers exact waar deze paper over gaat: in welke mate heeft deze arbitragezaak een invloed uitgeoefend op de verdere ontwikkeling van internationale arbitrage in de Moderne Tijd.

Resultaten

Wat blijkt uit dit onderzoek is dat de Alabamavorderingen arbitrage een pertinente invloed had op de evolutie van internationale arbitrage, op de groei van het internationale recht en op het rechtsdenken tot op de dag van vandaag.

Het aanbrengen van een nieuwe manier om arbitragetribunalen samen te stellen en de vergrote geloofwaardigheid die dat tot gevolg had, maakte van de Alabamavorderingen arbitrage een essentiële schakel in de vormgeving en heropleving van internationale arbitrage in zijn geheel.

Het succes van de Alabamavorderingen arbitrage hielp in het overtuigen van de internationale gemeenschap dat uitspraken van arbitragetribunalen wel degelijk werden – en moesten worden – nagekomen, wat van internationale arbitrage een overtuigend alternatief maakte voor oorlogvoering.

Daarnaast is de invloed van de Alabamavorderingen op nationaal en internationaal recht nog tot op de dag van vandaag zichtbaar in wetgeving, rechtspraak en rechtsleer. Zo is haar invloed zichtbaar in beide Haagse Vredesconferenties en ligt de Alabamavorderingen arbitrage aan de basis voor de ontwikkeling van staatsaansprakelijkheid.

De vernielzucht van de CSS Alabama tekende het leven van duizenden Amerikanen, maar via de Alabamavorderingen arbitrage speelde zij een essentiële rol in het ontwikkelen van meer vredevolle manieren van geschillenbeslechting. 

 

Corneel Debusscher

 

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Universiteit of Hogeschool
Onderzoeksmaster rechten
Publicatiejaar
2020
Promotor(en)
Prof. dr. R. Lesaffer en drs. P. Van den Brande
Kernwoorden
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